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Tool: "Stages Model (by Tuckman)" Home Page
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| Title: |
Stages Model (by Tuckman) |
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Model - Group Development Behavioral Model |
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| Description: |
Bruce Tuckman's model is the most recognized. Its stages of Forming , Storming, Norming, Performing and Adjourning have been well documented and followed for decades. One element that makes Tuckman's model so powerful is the last: adjourning, which recognized that group projects often do come to an end. Each stage has various indicators that reveal which stage the group is in.
- Forming: The new group members are learning about each other and the task at hand. There is little clarity into roles or responsibilities. Indicators of this stage suggest confusion and include: lack of commitment, skepticism, political fighting, and apathy.
- Storming: The group begins work and struggles to find clarity in the organization and structure of the group. These struggles are emotional and often hurtful. Team members vie for position and status. Indicators of this stage suggest volatility and include: anger, resentment, fighting, information hoarding, sabotage and withdrawl. Storming is inherently unsustainable. Groups who remain in this mode usually fail.
- Norming: The group stabilizes by recognizing goals, giving them clarity, and establishing how things will be carried out. Indicators of this stage include: tracking performance, retrospectives, innovation, collaboration, and caring.
- Performing: Groups implement their solutions in the norming process and move forward. Indicators for this stage include: higher morale, sense of accomplishment, group identification and pride in work.
- Adjourning: The project ends, the group disbands. The group feels the pride of a job well done, but also mourns the loss of a good team. Indicators for this stage are: pride, loss, and the end of the project.
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